Conflicts among people occur on a daily basis especially where there is power relationship. This may be attributed to various roles that people play in their daily lives. The most important point to note in conflict resolution is interests of each of the conflicting party. If this can be correctly identified then we can say that the mechanism used will be successful.

With the understanding that conflict is a struggle among two or more parties, it is important to find a way to remove the differences among these groups. This can be achieved through either a win-win resolution or win-lose conflict resolution methods.

Methods used in Conflict Resolution.

There are many different ways of resolving conflict but the most important one is the flow method. In a flow situation, both people walk away from the conflict satisfied with the solution which they have reached together. Conflict resolution encourages everyone to go with the flow and creates solution.

In conflict resolution one is required to be willing to work toward a win-win solution. This can only happen if one has a combination of the following : Be an active listener, to maintain good eye contact able to look and listen for the other person’s feelings, able to identify anger cues and triggers and be able to use a calm voice.

To solve conflict brought about by political differences, the following can methodology can be used

Appointing a commission to look into a problem more keenly, so as to come up with a solution. An election may be called due to strained relationships between the current government and populace so as to change the leaders and putting up a new government with new political leaders of their choice. When this happens, the masses feel that they have picked their choice of leaders thereby preventing conflicts. Calling for a meeting where all stakeholders that are conflicting to iron out their differences. This provides for an opportunity to the parties to speak out, discuss and agree on solutions to be effected by all. Mediators may also be chosen to represent one of the parties.

Conflict resolution involves negotiation process that usually consists of the following phases:

The information phase.

During this phase information on all factors that will have an effect on negotiation are evaluated and a defense plan to protect sensitive information is worked out. It also involves making decision whether the negotiations should be carried out by yourself or an agent.

Competitive phase.

This phase is the start point of bargaining. A decision should be made on who should go first on a particular issue.

Cooperative phase.

This phase is necessary in the negotiation process.

Turkana county in Kenya has a Turkana North Development Forum(TNDF) which has started a three year strategy to improve the constituencies to develop. The Turkana North Development Forum has started meetings in Lodwar town to come up with ways to eliminate poverty among Turkana residents in Kenya. Turkana part of Kenya has common perennial hunger cycles and drought periods which affect the lives of the people and livestock. Samburu part of Kenya is now facing hunger problems where the government of Kenya is involved in issuing relief food and help to the residents.

The Turkana North Development Forum has combined efforts of Turkana North professionals, women leaders, major influential business people in Turkana, civil society activists in Turkana and top Turkana politicians to find a way forward and resolve some Turkana community issues. Via these Turkana community leaders, the Turkana North Development Forum can be able to find the crucial development gaps in Turkana North and implement the hunger elimination strategies.

The discussions to take place during the TNDF in Turkana include; education sector, poverty, infrastructure, health sector in Turkana and Turkana county governance structures as the major predicaments in Turkana County. The Turkana North Development Forum is expected to table the constituency development plans that will be used by five other constituencies in Turkana County. The TNDF will concentrate more on the tourism sector in Turkana, which is the booming economic sector in Kenya.

With over 100,000 people facing starvation in Samburu area in Kenya, then such development forums in Kenya are welcome and will be embraced by the Turkana community in Kenya.

The government of Kenya has a lot of places that it uses to pass and amend the laws to be followed by the citizens of the country. The following list comprises some of the major sources of law in the country.

The constitution

It is a formal document that defined the rules and regulations, functions and roles of the various government state bodies and the relation between them and the public. It comes first in the country and any matters that need emergency response are handled according to the requirements provided by the constitution. It is therefore important for one to read and understand well.

Acts of parliament

Before a certain law is enacted, it is generally referred to as a bill. The members of parliament that are chosen by the people via elections are responsible for debating on the various basics that affect the lives of Kenyans eventually making laws upon reaching a suitable conclusion.

The Acts of UK parliament

The source of law deals with matter pertaining foreign tribunal evidences acts of around the year 1856.It further contains the evidence of 1851 and the law ascertainment act of 1857.The source of law is quite important as majority of its specifications merge hand in hand with the international law.

Judicial Precedents

They can be simply be described as case or judge made laws. It includes first a certain judge looking at the law available and eventually making certain conclusion about it. There are four main types of judicial precedents in the law system of Kenya namely the original, declaratory, distinguishing and overruling precedents.

Acts of Indian parliament

The above law source mostly concerns itself with issues pertaining the property transfer acts in the nation. It is important that one takes proper consideration as what should be done to ensure that the property they have is secure when law is applied.

The term outspoken describes a person who doesn’t fear to express his thought through spoken or even written media. With Kenya now fully out of the joint coalition government the lines have now clearly been drawn between the opposition and the ruling party hence creating a form of battle field as expected every battle field creates a super hero hence here are some of  the politicians that have stepped up to defend their sides in Kenya’s  new democracy since 2013 and are now trending as they voice the thought of their affiliate groups on current affairs in a country marred with insecurity, corruption, tribalism, international crimes, hunger and much more with all this topics to be discussed.

Aden Bare Duale

He is the majority leader in the national assembly and belongs to the Jubilee coalition a position he assumed due to the large or higher number of constituency representatives affiliated to his side based on the previous general elections. Duale is known to remark on anything that comes up and is always on the defense of the government fighting the opposition on key policy matters even once quoted saying that he would catch a bullet for the president or his deputy when possible. Duale is known for his fearless way of expression without minding anyone a statement confirmed by the way he came out to defend the Somali group during the Eastleigh raid.

Jokoyo Midiwo

He is the second non official man in command at the national assembly being the official opposition leader in the house as he is affiliated to the CORD fraternity. Though considered not as vigil as Duale Midiwo expresses his view anytime chance presents and has been known to be a close confidant of the former Prime Minister Raila Odinga. The Nyanza law maker has constantly been caught in parliament voicing the opposition and criticizing the government but the tyranny of numbers has made it difficult for him to equal his mate in office.

Alfred Keter

This to me is the most outspoken of them all due to the mode in which he has conducted himself condemning and criticizing the side that he is affiliated to. The rift valley law maker has criticized his jubilee side on the plea of corruption on various factors like the tender process of the standard railway, the sucking of rift valley officials from the government and also gone ahead to condemn the deputy president for what he calls failing to represent his side in the government effectively.

Senator Bonny Khalwale

The man who gladly calls himself the bull fighter from western Kenya is today one of the most courageous man in parliament who has publicly criticized the president in his presence accusing him of undermining devolution, failing to curb insecurity and has declared himself the crusader calling for the impeachment of the president. By virtue of being the only senator on this list tells you how far the law maker has gone to establish a vocal voice for himself despite being a member of the UDF party and Amani.

Governor Kabongo

The kiambu governor is said to enjoy a close relationship with the president and even though he is also known for his controversial remarks the former Juja legislator is an outspoken man who does not fear to comment on anything or anyone pertaining the government or his personal life a thing that almost got him prosecuted were it not for his timely apology about a comment he made on single women.

Governor Dr. Evans Kidero

The Nairobi chief can to some extend be compared to Alfred Keter for failure to align himself with his group and instead siding with the other side and despite a pending petition in court that could most likely see him dethroned from office Dr. Kidero has refused to amend his ways and continued dinning with his political enemies even after receiving a hostile reception from party supporters. His continual insistence that he will work with the government where necessary puts his loyalty to the party in question though to some extend shows how outspoken he is, free of consequential fear.

The Independent Electoral and Boundaries commission is an independent body charged with conducting free, fair and transparent elections. It is charged with all matters pertaining elections according to the law.  Ahmed Isaac Hassan is the current chairman. Here are some of its functions;

Supervising elections

It is charged with ensuring that elections are undertaken according to expectances. The body provides the necessary equipments needed for supervision. The equipments also include security to make that there is no disputes experienced. They make sure there are no irregularities.

Registering voters

It ensures that records are kept up to date to avoid. New voters are registered and those that have died are cancelled from the records. These kills the habit of voting twice and aliens do not get an opportunity to vote. Advertisements are done to encourage people to register as voters and one is required to have the necessary documents.

Setting boundaries

The IEBC has mandate to set boundaries in the country. It decides where counties  starts and reaches. This ensures that disputes are avoided because the boundaries are well known and one identifies them quickly.

Educating voters

Voters are made aware of how to vote and its importance. The IEBC sets platforms to educate people on how to vote to avoid spoilage of votes and consequences of engaging in irregularities. It uses the media mostly to reach as many people as possible.

Announcing results

The IEBC announces elections after verifying that they are the correct results. The results are announced by the chairman.

Supreme Court

Comprises of the chief justice, vice chief justice,5other judges and the president making a total of about seven members. The court has got exclusive jurisdiction and majority and nearly all issues that pertain the electoral petitions. Hears appeals from the high court and also major tribunals. It can play the role of offering advisory opinion to the national government.

Court of Appeal

It is composed of not less than 12judges.Hears discontents from lower courts combined with various tribunals. It includes conducting operations by acts done within the premises of a court. Furthermore, it listens to the contempt of court as an original jurisdiction. It appeals on the fundamental human rights and freedoms. It further deals with court martial cases.

The High Court

Established under section 165 ,of the Kenyan constitution. The judges responsible elect one of them to act as the topmost principal judge in the court system. Has unlimited original jurisdiction and caries out supervisory roles. It also deals with issues related to succession and matrimonial cases.

Subordinate Courts

Constitutes of the chief magistrate, senior and principal magistrate. They deal with civil jurisdiction but differ in subject matter in most cases. They also hear issues related to serious criminal offences that attract penalties. The resident magistrate court deals with misdemeanors.

Kadhis Court

The court deals with cases that affect and relate to people that believe in the Muslim religion. Some major cases that are witnessed in such courts include marriages problems; divorcé cases. The court is headed by a chief kadhi who must also be a Muslim.

Court Martial

The court deals with very serious cases regarding the military department. Headed by chief of general staff. However, it can also be conducted by a person having major rank in the military field. Deals with issues regarding cowardice, insubordination and destruction of the owned by military officials.

The ODM Party leader, Raila Odinga addressed Press Conference immediately after the failed Orange Democratic Movement Party elections on Friday 28, February, 2014. The ODM leader apologized to all ODM members in Kenya for the fall out during the much awaited elections. Raila Odinga said that there should be no speculations made over what happened, but the room for investigations should be left, which will commence immediately.

The Secretary General of ODM, Professor Anyang` Nyong`o, the two main opponents for the Secretary General seat in ODM, Ababu Namwamba and Agnes Zani and the party leader addressed the issue on the ODM Party Elections during the press conference. The main reason for the fall out of the ODM Elections held in Kasarani Gymnasium in Nairobi was attributed to a disagreement on the list of candidates for the election.

Professor Anyang` Nyong`o said, however, that the National Governing Council in Kenya will convene a meeting on Monday 3rd February, 2014 inorder to deliberate on the dates to reconvene the National ODM Delegate Conference in Kasarani. The ODM secretary general said that there will be an assurance of proper security and a successful election on the date to be arranged for the ODM Elections soon.

The delegates of ODM form various parts of Kenya will have to return to their homes and wait for the announcement of the next ODM election date. The leaders of ODM were very apologetic for the inconveniences and promised a stronger ODM Party with better results the next time round. Over 2000 Orange Democratic Movement delegates had attended the party elections.

1992 marks the birth of Kenyan political parties after a long bloody campaign that succeeded a ten year single party rule. The campaign led by young energetic politicians and activists who had been dissatisfied with the single party KANU regime under Moi came up and voiced their cries. Like history states the tree of liberty is watered by blood, blood indeed had to be shed with some of this politicians being forced to endure torture, unlawful detention and street confrontations so that liberation can be delivered, some of this activists included the likes of Charles Rubia, Rail Odinga, Martin Shikuku, TIMOTHY Njoya and many others. After the KANU government bowed in to pressure the mother of political parties in Kenya forum for the restoration of democracy FORD was founded and lawfully registered by the likes of Martin Shikuku, Njenga Karume, Jaramogi and many others before later on wrangles and thirst for power would then lid to the breaking of FORD to form FORD Asili, FORD Kenya, FORD People who are now the fathers of the following political parties now governing our country:

• Agano Party (AP)
  

• Alliance for Real Change

• Alliance Party of Kenya (APK)

• Chama Cha Mwananchi (CCM)

• Chama Cha Uzalendo (CCU)

• Conservative Party (CP)

• Democratic Party of Kenya (DP)

• Farmers Party (FP)

• Federal Party of Kenya (MDM)

• Ford-People (FORD-P)

• Forum For Restoration of Democracy-Kenya (FORD-KENYA)

• Grand National Union (GNU)

• Kenya African Democratic Union-Asili (KADU-ASIL)

• Kenya African National Union (KANU)

• Kenya National Congress (KNC)

• Kenya Social Congress (KSC)

• Maendeleo Democratic Party (MDP)

• Mazingira Greens Party of Kenya (MGPK)

• Mkenya Solidarity Movement (MSM)

• Muungano Development Movement Party of Kenya (MP)

• Mwangaza Party (MP)

• Mzalendo Saba Saba Party (MSS)

• NARC-Kenya (NARC-K)

• National Agenda Party of Kenya (NAPK)

• National Democratic Movement (NDM)

• National Lab our Party (NLP)

• National Party of Kenya (FPK)

• National Rainbow Coalition (NARC)

• The National Vision Party (NVP)

• New Democrats (ND)

• New Ford Kenya (NFK)

• Nuru Party

• Orange Democratic Movement (ODM)

• Party of Action (POA)

• Party of Democratic Unity (PDU)

• Party of Independent Candidates of Kenya (PICK)

• Party of National Unity (PNU)

• Peoples Democratic Party (PDP)

• Peoples Party of Kenya (PPK)

• Platinum Centralizer and Unionist Party of Kenya (PlaCenta Party of Kenya)

• Progressive Party of Kenya (PPK)

• Restore and Build Kenya (RBK)

• Saba Saba Asili (77)

• Safina Party (SAFINA)

• Shirikisho Party of Kenya (SPK)

• Sisi Kwa Sisi Party (SSP)

• Social Democratic Party of Kenya (SDP)

• The Independent Party (TIP) * The Labour Party of Kenya (LPK)

• The National Alliance (TNA)

• United Democratic Forum Party (UDFP)

• United Democratic Movement (UDM)

• United Republican Party (URP)

• Unity Party of Kenya (UPK)

• Wiper Democratic Movement- Kenya (WDM-K)